![\"\"](\"https:\/\/magazinehaitiespoir.site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/rubio.jpg\")
Il y a deux cent cinquante ans aujourd’hui, dans une salle de briques de Philadelphie, nos anc\u00eatres proclamaient leur ind\u00e9pendance de l’empire le plus puissant du monde. Ils n’\u00e9taient pas des fous. Ils savaient parfaitement ce que les mots inscrits sur ce parchemin allaient signifier. Ils savaient qu’\u00e0 cet instant pr\u00e9cis, ils se condamnaient eux-m\u00eames pour trahison aux yeux de leur patrie \u2013 et que la peine pour trahison \u00e9tait la mort. Aussi, au bas de ce document, sous les paroles solennelles proclamant des v\u00e9rit\u00e9s \u00e9videntes et les droits de l’homme, ils \u00e9crivirent une ultime phrase : \u00ab Confiants en la protection de la divine Providence, nous nous engageons mutuellement, l’un envers l’autre, sur nos vies, nos biens et notre honneur.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n Leurs vies, leurs biens et leur honneur \u2013 tout ce qu’ils poss\u00e9daient et tout ce qu’ils \u00e9taient. Tout \u00e9tait en jeu. Songez \u00e0 ces hommes. On l’oublie facilement : il ne s’agissait pas de mis\u00e9reux sans ressources, sans rien \u00e0 perdre. Ils comptaient parmi les hommes les plus prosp\u00e8res et les plus influents de leur \u00e9poque. Avocats, marchands, riches propri\u00e9taires terriens et planteurs \u2013 des hommes avec des familles, des fermes et des fortunes. Le bon sens aurait voulu qu’ils soient les derniers \u00e0 mener une r\u00e9volution \u2013 et encore moins \u00e0 risquer tout, jusqu’\u00e0 leur vie, pour cela. Mais ils l’ont fait malgr\u00e9 tout. Et ils l’ont fait malgr\u00e9 des obstacles insurmontables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D’un c\u00f4t\u00e9 se trouvait l’Empire britannique \u2013 la puissance la plus redoutable que le monde ait jamais connue. De l’autre, une poign\u00e9e de colonies aux confins du monde connu, avec une \u00e9conomie agricole modeste et une arm\u00e9e h\u00e9t\u00e9roclite de fermiers et de miliciens mal entra\u00een\u00e9s \u2013 ce qu’un g\u00e9n\u00e9ral britannique de l’\u00e9poque qualifiait avec m\u00e9pris de \u00ab parade grotesque \u00bb et de \u00ab populace en armes \u00bb. En 1776, rares \u00e9taient ceux qui croyaient que ces rebelles am\u00e9ricains avaient la moindre chance de gagner. De l’autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l’Atlantique, les \u00e9lites britanniques les consid\u00e9raient comme une simple nuisance, et rien de plus. Le ministre de la Marine royale d\u00e9clara que \u00ab le simple coup de canon les emporterait\u2026 aussi vite que leurs jambes le leur permettraient<\/em> \u00bb. Le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral James Grant, ancien gouverneur royal de Floride orientale, se vanta devant la Chambre des communes de bien conna\u00eetre les Am\u00e9ricains et affirma qu\u2019\u00ab ils n\u2019oseraient jamais affronter une arm\u00e9e anglaise<\/em> \u00bb. Le roi George lui-m\u00eame pr\u00e9dit qu\u2019\u00ab une fois que ces rebelles auront re\u00e7u un coup dur, ils se rendront<\/em> \u00bb. Les premiers mois de la guerre sembl\u00e8rent leur donner raison. L\u2019arm\u00e9e de George Washington \u00e9tait courageuse, mais affam\u00e9e, mal entra\u00een\u00e9e et mal approvisionn\u00e9e. Ses soldats avaient quitt\u00e9 leurs fermes, leurs commerces et leurs colonies frontali\u00e8res pour se battre pour leur pays, pour finalement encha\u00eener les d\u00e9faites cuisantes. En d\u00e9cembre 1776, la R\u00e9volution \u00e9tait au bord de l\u2019effondrement. L\u2019arm\u00e9e continentale avait \u00e9t\u00e9 chass\u00e9e de New York, avait travers\u00e9 le New Jersey et s\u2019\u00e9tait r\u00e9fugi\u00e9e en Pennsylvanie, vaincue et transie par le froid hivernal du nord-est. Ses effectifs diminuaient rapidement. Ce mois-l\u00e0, George Washington \u00e9crivit \u00e0 son fr\u00e8re : \u00ab Je crois que la partie est presque termin\u00e9e<\/em>. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c0 moins d’un changement radical, la cause de l’ind\u00e9pendance s’\u00e9teindrait, la r\u00e9bellion serait \u00e9cras\u00e9e et ceux qui avaient tout risqu\u00e9 pour la mener seraient pendus comme tra\u00eetres \u00e0 la Couronne. Mais ils ne se rendirent pas. Ce n’est pas dans la nature des Am\u00e9ricains. La nuit de No\u00ebl, Washington rassembla ce qui restait de son arm\u00e9e et traversa le fleuve Delaware glac\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur de l’obscurit\u00e9. Ses hommes march\u00e8rent toute la nuit, les chaussures d\u00e9chir\u00e9es et les pieds envelopp\u00e9s de haillons, laissant des traces de sang dans la neige. \u00c0 Trenton, ils frapp\u00e8rent. Quelques jours plus tard, \u00e0 Princeton, ils frapp\u00e8rent de nouveau. Deux victoires retentissantes \u2013 et l’aura d’une victoire britannique in\u00e9vitable commen\u00e7a \u00e0 se fissurer. Pourtant, un seul miracle ne suffisait pas \u00e0 mener les patriotes \u00e0 la victoire. La guerre s’\u00e9ternisa. L’ann\u00e9e suivante, les Britanniques s’empar\u00e8rent de Philadelphie et le Congr\u00e8s continental fut contraint de fuir. L’arm\u00e9e de Washington regagna p\u00e9niblement ses quartiers d’hiver \u00e0 Valley Forge \u2013 affam\u00e9e, transie de froid et d\u00e9munie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n NB. Une traduction de Google, r\u00e9vis\u00e9e et certifi\u00e9e par Jean H\u00e9noc Faroul<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Le Texte original<\/strong><\/strong> Two hundred and fifty years ago today, in a brick hall in Philadelphia, our forefathers declared their independence from the most powerful empire on earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n They were not fools. They knew exactly what the words on that parchment would mean. They knew that in that moment, they were convicting themselves of treason in the eyes of their mother country \u2013 and that the penalty for treason was death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And so at the bottom of that document, beneath the soaring words about self-evident truths and the rights of man, they wrote one final sentence: \u201cWith a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Their lives, their fortunes, and their honor \u2013 everything they had and everything they were. All of it was on the line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Think about the kind of men we\u2019re talking about here. It\u2019s easy to forget: These were not impoverished, destitute paupers with nothing to lose. They were some of the most successful and prosperous men of their day. Lawyers, merchants, wealthy landowners and planters \u2013 men with families, with farms, with fortunes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Common sense would dictate that they would be the last to lead a revolution \u2013 let alone risk everything, including their lives, to do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n But they did it anyways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And they did it against impossible odds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n On one side was the British Empire \u2013 the most formidable power the world had ever seen. On the other was a scattering of colonies at the final edge of the known world, with a small agricultural economy and a ragtag force of poorly trained farmers and militiamen \u2013 what one British General at the time scoffed at as \u201ca preposterous parade\u201d and \u201ca rabble in arms.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Very few people in 1776 believed these American rebels stood a fighting chance. Across the Atlantic, the elites in Great Britain dismissed them as a minor nuisance, and nothing more. The cabinet minister for the Royal Navy declared, \u201cthe very sound of a cannon would carry them off\u2026as fast as their feet could carry them.\u201d General James Grant \u2013 the former royal governor of East Florida \u2013 boasted to the House of Commons that he knew the Americans very well, and \u201cthey would never dare to face an English army.\u201d King George himself predicted, \u201conce those rebels have felt a smart blow, they will submit.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n The early months of the war seemed to prove them right. George Washington\u2019s army was brave, but hungry, untrained, and poorly supplied. They had left their farms, shops, and frontier settlements to fight for their country \u2013 only to lurch from defeat to devastating defeat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n By December of 1776, the Revolution was near collapse. The Continental Army had been chased out of New York, across New Jersey, and into Pennsylvania \u2013 beaten and freezing in the frigid northeastern winter. The army itself was rapidly shrinking in size. That month, George Washington wrote to his brother: \u201cI think the game is pretty nearly up.\u201d Unless something changed, the cause of independence would die, the rebellion would be crushed, and the men who had risked everything to lead it would be hanged as traitors to the Crown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n But they did not surrender. That\u2019s not what Americans do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n On Christmas night, Washington gathered what remained of his army and crossed the icy Delaware River under the cover of darkness. His men marched through the night with broken shoes and rags wrapped around their feet, leaving blood in the snow. At Trenton, they struck. A few days later, at Princeton, they struck again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Two resounding victories \u2013 and the aura of inevitable British victory began to crack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Still, one miracle was not enough to carry the patriots to victory. The war dragged on. The next year, the British captured Philadelphia, and the Continental Congress was forced to flee. Washington\u2019s army staggered into their winter quarters at Valley Forge \u2013 starving, freezing, and barely clothed, sleeping in huts they had built with their own hands. There, in that brutal winter, something extraordinary happened. The Continental Army did not collapse. It was transformed into a disciplined, hardened, professional fighting force: trained by Prussian officers, bound together by common sacrifice, the Americans emerged \u2013 against all odds \u2013 as an army that could bring down an empire, powered by an unbreakable belief in the country they were bringing into being.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Every American knows what happened next.<\/p>\n\n\n\n From the beginning, Americans have done the impossible. It is who we are. It runs in our people\u2019s blood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is the deepest and most fundamental feature of the American soul, dating back long before the Revolution. We saw it in the wood forts of Jamestown, in the first colonies of Plymouth, on the decks of the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria carrying Christopher Columbus across the Atlantic to the shores of a new world. It is a spirit that scoffs at constraints, that yearns for new frontiers; a boundless ambition to do what others can\u2019t, to go where others won\u2019t, to venture out into the darkness and find what lies beyond the horizon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n America was not a clean break from the past, but the culmination of an ancient story that began millennia ago. We owe much of ourselves to the very country our Founders went to war with 250 years ago: As President Trump said earlier this year, \u201cthis land was settled and forged by men [whose] veins ran with Anglo-Saxon courage\u201d; whose language, culture, and fierce love of liberty was a \u201cmajestic inheritance\u201d from their ancestors across the sea. Our destiny was shaped, over centuries, in the kingdoms and empires of Europe, before bursting forth onto this continent to build a new world in its image. The philosophers of Athens, the imperial majesty of Rome, the monks and kings of medieval Christendom planted its seeds \u2013 centuries of European exploration, science, faith, and restless ambition finally unleashed from every constraint on the boundless American frontier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n America was the destiny of an entire civilization. It was here, in our country, where thousands of years of history came to fruition, and painted the fullness of their promise on the blank canvas of a new world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And look at what that has wrought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In a mere two and a half centuries \u2013 a blink of an eye, in the full view of history \u2013 Americans have blown past any and every precedent that came before us. From microchips and atoms to railroads and rockets, across every new frontier and plane of human progress, we not only transformed a wild and unmapped land into the most powerful nation on earth; we carried the whole of mankind into a new age of history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n We didn\u2019t do these things because we had to. We did them because we could. Because no one else had ever done them before. Because Americans have always been pioneers \u2013 the sons and daughters of the frontier. There is nowhere we can\u2019t go. There is nothing we can\u2019t do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n And for us, the frontier has never closed. When we ran out of land at the westward edge of this continent, we began to build upward \u2013 airplanes and skyscrapers that pierced the horizon. When we ran out of sky, we went further still, building machines that could carry us to the moon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Now, we stand at the dawn of another new age, filled with new frontiers and possibilities that our forefathers could scarcely have dreamed. And just as we have in every chapter that came before, Americans will lead this one, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n We Americans are the creating people: the spirit of world history is here, on this land, in our hands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is who we are. For 250 years, this has been a land of miracles, where larger-than-life men have done larger-than-life things. Tonight, we rededicate ourselves to our country, and to the sacred duty of ensuring that America\u2019s future will be every bit as proud as her past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Marco Rubio was sworn in as the 72nd Secretary of State on January 21, 2025. The Secretary is creating a Department of State that puts America First.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Thanks for reading U.S. Department of State! Subscribe to receive new posts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n UN SALUT \u00c0 L\u2019AM\u00c9RIQUE Par Marco Rubio, Secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00e9tat des USA Il y a deux cent cinquante ans aujourd’hui, dans<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1431,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite-internationle"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"